高考英语复习之阅读理解之判断推理分析

　　高考英语复习之阅读理解之判断推理分析

　　高考英语复习之阅读理解之判断推理分析，英语是很多同学的弱课，我们希望大家能够通过平时的复习，让自己的英语不再那么拉分数。

　　命题方式：

　　推理判断题常见的命题形式：

　　1.细节推断题

　　(1)It can be inferred/concluded from the passage that .

　　(2)The author strongly suggests that .

　　(3)The writer implies but not directly states that .

　　(4)The writer/author indicates/suggests/implies that .

　　2.文章来源或读者对象类推断题

　　(1)The passage would most likely be found in .

　　(2)In which of the following publications would this passage most likely come from?

　　(3)Where is the passage most likely to have been taken from?

　　3.写作意图类推断题

　　(1)What is the main purpose of the author in writing this passage?

　　(2)The purpose of the passage is to get people to .

　　(3)The writer writes the last paragraph in order to .

　　4.态度倾向类推断题

　　(1)The attitude of the author towards...is .

　　(2)What’s the writer’s attitude towards...?

　　(3)What does the author think about...?

　　技巧策略：

　　1.细节推断题

　　要求考生根据语篇关系，推断具体细节，如时间、地点、人物关系、人物身份、事件等。一般可根据短文提供的信息，或者借助生活常识进行推理判定。考生只有把握文章的内在关系，理解文章的真正含义，才可以判断正确答案。

　　例： (2016·四川，B片段)

　　Our own experience working together on health，development，and energy the last twenty years has been one of the most rewarding parts of our lives.It has changed who we are and continues to fuel our optimism about how much the lives of the poorest people will improve in the years ahead.

　　27.What can be inferred from the last paragraph?

　　A.The author believes the lives of the poorest will get better.

　　B.Much more progress will be made in the near future.

　　C.The work on health is the most valuable experience.

　　D.People’s efforts have been materially rewarded.

　　答案　A

　　解析　推理判断题。根据本段最后提到的“It has changed who we are and continues to fuel our optimism about how much the lives of the poorest people will improve in the years ahead.”可知穷人的生活将会变得更好。故选A。

　　　2.文章来源或读者对象类推断题

　　考生本身要具备一定的常识，把文章的内容与自己所具备的常识结合起来做出正确的判断。如要对报纸、杂志、网络、小说、童话、广告、说明书、旅游指南、药品说明、操作指南等文章的语言特色，特别是其专用词汇有基本的了解，根据文章的语言特色和其专用词汇对号入座，快速选出最佳答案。

　　例： (2015·重庆，C)

　　2015重庆卷Join the discussion...

　　　2015重庆卷Lakelander·2 hours ago

　　Today，a man talked very loud on his phone on a train between Malvern and Reading，making many passengers upset.I wonder how he would react if I were to read my newspaper out loud on the train.I have never had the courage to do it，though.

　　2015重庆卷Pak50·57 minutes ago

　　Why not give it a try? Perhaps you should take lessons on a musical instrument.The late musician Dennis Brain is said to have asked a fellow train passenger to turn off his radio.When his request was refused，he took out his French horn(号) and started to practise.

　　2015重庆卷Angie O’Edema·42 minutes ago

　　I don’t see how musical instruments can help improve manners in public.Don’t do to others what you wouldn’t like to be done to yourself.Once，a passenger next to me talked out loud on his mobile phone.I left my seat quietly，giving him some privacy to finish his conversation.He realized this and apologised to me.When his phone rang again later，he left his seat to answer it.You see，a bit of respect and cooperation can do the job better.

　　2015重庆卷Taodas·29 minutes ago

　　I did read my newspaper out loud on a train，and it turned out well.The guy took it in good part，and we chatted happily all the way to Edinburgh.

　　2015重庆卷Sophie76·13 minutes ago

　　I have not tried reading my newspaper out loud on a train，but，several years ago，I read some chapters from Harry Potter to my bored and noisy children.Several passengers seemed to appreciate what I did.

　　47.Where is the passage most probably taken from?

　　A.A webpage. B.A newspaper.

　　C.A novel. D.A report.

　　答案　A

　　解析　文章出处题。根据文章的写作风格以及每个帖子的时间提示可知，应该最有可能来自于网页。

　　3.写作意图类推断题

　　要求考生根据文章的论述，揣测作者的写作意图。作者一般不直接陈述自己的意图，而是通过文章所提供的事实，客观地使读者信服某种想法或观点。这种题型要求考生不但能理解文章的大意，同时还要具备对作者阐述问题的方法进行归纳总结和分析的能力。判断文章的写作目的时一定要对文章主题有正确的把握，阅读时务必找准文章的主旨句，准确归纳文章主题。

　　例： (2016·全国Ⅲ，C)

　　If you are a fruit grower—or would like to become one—take advantage of Apple Day to see what’s around.It’s called Apple Day but in practice it’s more like Apple Month.The day itself is on October 21，but since it has caught on，events now spread out over most of October around Britain.

　　Visiting an apple event is a good chance to see，and often taste，a wide variety of apples.To people who are used to the limited choice of apples such as Golden Delicious and Royal Gala in supermarkets，it can be quite an eye opener to see the range of classical apples still in existence，such as Decio which was grown by the Romans.Although it doesn’t taste of anything special，it’s still worth a try，as is the knobbly(多疙瘩的) Cat’s Head which is more of a curiosity than anything else.

　　There are also varieties developed to suit specific local conditions.One of the very best varieties for eating quality is Orleans Reinette，but you’ll need a warm，sheltered place with perfect soil to grow it，so it’s a pipe dream for most apple lovers who fall for it.

　　At the events，you can meet expert growers and discuss which ones will best suit your conditions，and because these are family affairs，children are well catered for with apple­themed fun and games.

　　Apple Days are being held at all sorts of places with an interest in fruit，including stately gardens and commercial orchards(果园).If you want to have a real orchard experience，try visiting the National Fruit Collection at Brogdale，near Faversham in Kent.

　　31.What is the author’s purpose in writing the text?

　　A.To show how to grow apples.

　　B.To introduce an apple festival.

　　C.To help people select apples.

　　D.To promote apple research.

　　答案　B

　　解析　写作意图题。根据第一段第一句“If you are a fruit grower—or would like to become one—take advantage of Apple Day to see what’s around.”和最后一段最后一句“If you want to have a real orchard experience，try visiting the National Fruit Collection at Brogdale，near Faversham in Kent.”可知，作者向读者介绍了一个节日——Apply Day，并推荐人们参加这个节日，故选B。

　　4.态度倾向类推断题

　　考查考生是否了解文中作者或文中人物对某事物所持的观点或态度。要求考生具有在正确理解文意的基础上，对观点或态度倾向进行分析、识别的能力。该类型题目的选项一般含有以下三类词：(1)中性词：uninterested(不感兴趣的)，neutral(中立的)，indifferent(漠不关心的)等;(2)褒义词：positive(积极的)，supportive(支持的)，humorous(滑稽的)，enthusiastic(热情的)，admiring(赞赏的)等;(3)贬义词：disgusted(厌恶的)，critical(批评的)，negative(否定的，消极的)，disappointed(失望的)等。

　　例： (2016·北京，D片段)

　　The college years are supposed to be a time for important growth in autonomy(自主性) and the development of adult identity.However，now they are becoming an extended period of adolescence，during which many of today’s students are not shouldered with adult responsibilities.

　　For previous generations，college was a decisive break from parental control; guidance and support needed to come from people of the same age and from within.In the past two decades，however，continued connection with and dependence on family，thanks to cell phones，email and social media，have increased significantly.Some parents go so far as to help with coursework.Instead of promoting the idea of college as a passage from the shelter of the family to autonomy and adult responsibility，universities have given in to the idea that they should provide the same environment as that of the home.

　　67.What’s the author’s attitude toward continued parental guidance to college students?

　　A.Sympathetic. B.Disapproving.

　　C.Supportive. D.Neutral.

　　答案　B

　　解析　观点态度题。文章第一段作者说现在的大学生没有承担起成人的责任，第二段作者分析了原因，指出由于父母的引导延伸到了大学导致学生自主能力的缺失。由此可见，作者对父母给大学生的持续引导是不赞成的。故选B项。

　　以上高考英语复习之阅读理解之判断推理分析的内容我们今天就到这里，同学们一定要记得每一次分享我们的内容，让更多的同学来复习。