这些熟悉的托福单词词意你真的了解吗

时间:2019-03-13

  这些熟悉的托福单词词意你真的了解吗

  如何有效背单词,并从容应对托福考试,且看杭州新东方几位老师为大家来带的托福单词熟词僻义。

  argue

  【常用释义】

  v. 争论

  【生僻释义】

  v. 认为,主张

  托福例句:Some researchers argue that less-expensive programs are just as good as relatively expensive ones, such as Head Start.(TPO 31-2 Early Childhood Education)

  解析:在托福中,经常会有somebody argues that….这样的句型结构。很多同学会以为argue只有“争吵”的意思。其实在托福中,argue更多的意思就是“主张,认为”,用来表达某人的观点,如she argued that they should all go,她主张他们都应该去。本句理解为,一些研究者认为花费较少的项目能够取得与花费更多的项目同样的效果,例如智力起航。

  杭州新东方国外考试部托福教研组

  祝竟超

  evidence

  【常用释义】

  1. n.证据;2. n.迹象( e.g. He was nowhere in evidence.哪儿都找不到他。)

  【生僻释义】

  v. 证明

  托福例句:This period of evolution was relatively recent, as evidenced by the similar appearance of all the western chipmunk species.(TPO 39-1 Habitats and chipmunk species)

  解析:evidence通常做名词,意为“证据;迹象”,我们可以很自然联想到它的动词意思“证明”,常用固定搭配是“as evidenced by sth. 正如某事所证明的”。全句翻译:这一时期的进化是相对较新的,正如所有西部花栗鼠长得都差不多这一点可以证明。

  杭州新东方国外考试部托福教研组

  王艳

  address

  【常用释义】

  n. 地址

  【生僻释义】

  v. 处理

  托福例句:She began to address more ambitious themes in her dances such as The Sea, in which her dancers invisibly agitated a huge expanse of silk, played upon by colored lights(OG8 Loie Fuller)

  解析:address作”处理”的含义,常跟?task, problem?搭配。句子中,in which her dancers…是介词提前的定语从句,修饰The Sea; played upon by colored lights做后置定语,修饰a huge expanse of silk. 整句话翻译为:她开始着手处理更有野心的主题,比如作品大海,在这个作品中舞者们在色光灯所创造的辽阔的隐形丝绸下摇摆。

  杭州新东方国外考试部托福教研组

  任嘉琳

  film

  【常用释义】

  n. 地址

  【生僻释义】

  v. 处理

  托福例句:She began to address more ambitious themes in her dances such as The Sea, in which her dancers invisibly agitated a huge expanse of silk, played upon by colored lights(OG8 Loie Fuller)

  解析:address作”处理”的含义,常跟?task, problem?搭配。句子中,in which her dancers…是介词提前的定语从句,修饰The Sea; played upon by colored lights做后置定语,修饰a huge expanse of silk. 整句话翻译为:她开始着手处理更有野心的主题,比如作品大海,在这个作品中舞者们在色光灯所创造的辽阔的隐形丝绸下摇摆。

  杭州新东方国外考试部托福教研组

  吕子韵

  parallel

  【常用释义】

  adj. 平行的;

  【生僻释义】

  v.与…媲美,与..相似

  托福例句:Her interest in color and light paralleled the research of several artists of the period, notably the painter Seurat, famed for his Pointillist technique of creating a sense of shapes and light on canvas by applying extremely small dots of color rather than by painting lines.(OG8 Loie Fuller)

  解析:parallel常见意思为“平行的”,而作动词时,表示“与…相似或是相媲美”,有比较的意义在里面,比如to parallel someone。这句很长,主句很短,从notably开始的成分都是对画家Seurat的限定,famed for…by doing something…整句理解为,她对颜色和光线的兴趣与同期许多艺术家的研究相似,最为著名的是画家Seurat,他以点彩派画技,通过运用极小的色彩点取代了画线条的方法在帆布上创造形状和光线感。

  杭州新东方国外考试部托福教研组

  吕寒璐

  fine

  【常用释义】

  adj. 健康的,好的;n. 罚款

  【生僻释义】

  adj. 细微的,小颗粒的

  托福例句:In other cases, the finer particles may be removed, while the sand-sized particles are accumulated to form mobile hills or ridges of sand. (TPO 2-1 Desert Formation)

  解析:fine在托福阅读中,经常会被考察到“细微的,小颗粒的”的意思,如a fine thread,细线,或fine detail,小细节,或 fine sand/powder,细沙/细粉末。那么在地质学的文章中,一般会修饰particle, grain等,表示细小的颗粒物。在例句中,finer particles 和sand-sized particles 形成对比,表示更小的颗粒,整句话的意思是在另外的情况下,那些更小的颗粒可能被移走,然而那些沙粒大小的颗粒被聚集寄来形成移动的小山或者沙丘。

  杭州新东方国外考试部托福教研组

  陈维

  bark

  【常用释义】

  v. 吠叫,咆哮

  【生僻释义】

  n. 树皮

  托福例句:The smooth bark of small red maples makes this species ideal for buck rubs in the forests of the mid-eastern United States. (tpo28-3 Buck Rubs and Buck Scrapes)

  解析:bark除了作动词,意为“狗叫”外,在托福还会考察它作名词的含义,意为“树皮”。本句中,bark of small red maples名词短语指的是maple的bark,maple是枫树的意思。本句释义:美国中东部森林中红色小枫树的光滑树皮使它成为雄鹿擦痕的理想物种。

  杭州新东方国外考试部托福教研组

  应茜羽

  establish

  【常用释义】

  v. 建立;证实

  【生僻释义】

  established adj. 已确定的;成熟的;

  托福例句:It describes two well-established causes of the increased heat of cities and another two whose roles are less well understood.(TPO 23-1 Urban Climates)

  解析:establish在托福中经常以established这个形容词的形式来考察,意为“已确定的”,如an established fact,毋庸置疑的事实。句中的well-established属复合形容词,well修饰established的程度,可理解为“十分确定的”。此句意为“它描述了两个已确定的造成城市热量升高的原因,及其他两个作用尚未被完全理解的原因”。

  托福例句:Once established, a stand of Spartina begins to trap sediment, changing the substrate elevation, and eventually the stand evolves into a high marsh system where Spartina is gradually displaced by higher-elevation, brackish-water species.(TPO 22-1 Spartina)

  解析:本句中的established也是类似的含义。分句once established的主语是后文中的一片米草。整句话理解为,一旦成熟后,一片米草就会开始困住沉积物,改变基地的高度,并且最终这片米草会演变成一个沼泽系统,而它自身却逐渐地被另一种更高的、盐水的物种所取代。

  杭州新东方国外考试部托福教研组

  祝竟超

  contribute to

  【常用释义】

  v. 为...做贡献

  【生僻释义】

  v. 是…的原因之一;导致

  托福例句:Although area may contribute to biodiversity, it is certainly not the whole story; otherwise, large landmasses would always be richer in species. (TPO40-2 Latitude and Biodiversity)

  解析:在托福阅读中,contribute的考察频率非常高,而且经常以contribute to这个短语的形式出现,意为“是…的原因之一”,如unemployment contributes to a high crime rate,失业是犯罪率高的原因之一。本句中的contribute to就是这个含义。另外,句中的the whole story 指代前文讲的事情的整体情况。此句释义为尽管地表面积可能会对生物多样性有帮助,但它肯定不足以解释整个现象;不然的话,大的地表面积一定会有更丰富的物种。

  杭州新东方国外考试部托福教研组

  冯珊珊

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